摘要:In Chinese academic and cultural history,there is a big controversy over the completion issues of two Chinese classics named Sayings of the Confucian School and Zhou Rites. In recent years,with the advent of the unearthed literature,the literary values of Sayings of the Confucian School are extremely important for academic circles. The chapter Bridle in the Sayings of the Confucian School gave a metaphor to bridle to explain Confucius’ s "rule of morality with its priority to penalty",and also unexpectedly revealed the important information of the completion era and the reliability of Zhou Rites. The exposition in this chapter on "ruling the state generally with six officials in ancient China"is closely equivalent to the set-up of six officials discussed in Zhou Rites,so Bridle can be regarded as the summary and interpretation of Zhou Rites by Confucius. Therefore,it can be inferred that Zhou Rites is of highly reliability and was probably completed long before the time of Confucius by the Duke of Zhou.
摘要:The penalty is usually understood as punishment measures which exert a certain mental and physical pains on the offenders through the deprivation of rights or physical damages. However,in the early penalty history of human beings,the derogation was more miserable than property damage or physical pains. The expulsion means the loss of social personality,religion,family,politics,property attached to the identity."Penalty"was closely related to"identity"and constituted an important part of "the identical society and ethical law". Therefore,"identity"is the key to understanding the penal system from the early Chinese civilized history to the Qin and Han Dynasties.
摘要:The foundation of appreciation of ugliness philosophy should be irrationalism if that of aesthetic philosophy is rationalism. Therefore,compared with the aesthetic attention to human’s rational power of conquering nature,the appreciation of ugliness philosophy pays more attention to man’s irrational abilities such as instinct desire,morbid personality,and life alienation. In general,the appreciation of ugliness in Dostoevsky’s works is reflected in three aspects as follows: firstly,it accepts and recognizes the natural life desire; secondly,it reveals some abnormal phenomena of life such as distorted personality and metaphrenia; finally,it criticizes the life alienation phenomenon caused by nihilism. The author’s appreciation of ugliness not only made his works a great success,but also deconstructed the lofty style of the temporal mainstream——the Naturalists.
摘要:Nowadays,China ’s Confucian Constitutionalism is classified into rigid and flexible schools. However,whether there essentially exists relevant relation between Confucianism and constitutionalism,the concept modern constitutionalism should be firstly clarified. Scholars in favor of Confucian Constitutionalism neglect the complication of constitutionalism. Besides,the spiritual core of Confucianism also needs further interpretation.Based on all these analyses,a conclusion can be drawn that the disagreement on the Confucian spirit results from different criteria adopted by different schools,which further leads to the general question of whether there exist general values throughout the world. The possible distance between Confucian and modern constitutionalism depends on whether the basic elements of modern constitution and its institutional construction can be found from the spiritual core of Confucianism.
摘要:In Lacan’s theory,the Other’s desire is void in the symbol,but it should support the symbol in the form of a signifier for most people. In terms of children’s psychological development,this can be understood as a metaphorical process that the signifier of "Father’’s name"has named and substituted "Mother’s desire".Psychosis is the result of the lack of "Father’s name". The prototype of "Father’s name"is "Father’s prohibition",and this metaphorical function establishes the first meaning of language. Due to the lack of "Father’s prohibition",language structure can’t be internalized but only be imitated by psychopath. As a result,language turns into foreign matters and the meaning is in a floating state. In addition,psychosis will be triggered only when it suffers symbolic father. Under that situation,"Father’s name"returns from the real and opens a great void of the Other’s desire,which can be filled only by hallucinations.
摘要:Inclusive finance regards financing as a right for small and medium-sized enterprises to develop and believes the right should be protected through the establishment of an inclusive financial system. From the practical point of view,there are three ways to develop the inclusive finance. Firstly,the current financial system should play its due role and the SME financing and other financial services should be expanded through the development and improvement of banking and financial markets. Secondly,financial innovation is a necessity for establishing financing mode that is suitable for the characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises and solving the problems of the asymmetric information,mortgage shortage and high-cost of the transaction. Finally,it is necessary to bring into government’s role of intervention so as to solve the difficult problems of information gap and the coordination of collective action in the market.