最新刊期
卷 30 ， 期 2 ， 2020
- 摘要：The modernization of governance in contemporary China has rich connotations and inherent logic. There are many types of governance, including party governance, government governance, social governance, etc. There are many aspects of governance, including political governance, economic governance, cultural governance, social governance, ecological and environmental governance, etc. The key to the modernization of governance is to highlight the leading role of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The framework of institution is the core of national governance system. The executive power of institution is a reflection of national governance capacity. The modernization of institution is the key element of the modernization of national governance. The "quality" of institution in the modernization of governance in contemporary China is prominently reflected in three major tasks. Firstly, sticking to the people-based philosophy, we should consolidate and improve the party’s leadership system that exercises governance for the people and relies on the people. Secondly, sticking to the people-centred philosophy, we should consolidate and improve the government governance system that serves the people and takes responsibility for the people. Thirdly, relying on the people, we should consolidate and improve the social governance system based on collaboration, participation, and common interests.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：In the late Ming dynasty, plagues occurred frequently in various places and were often accompanied by disasters and famine. The plagues were further aggravated by chaos of wars toward the end of Ming, which not only brought about heavy loss of life and property to the common people, but also accelerated the decline of the rule of Ming. Although many measures had been taken by the government and local community to deal with the plague, the results were less satisfactory due to war and financial crisis. The prevalence of plagues in the late Ming dynasty has promoted the development of the plague theory. It was against this background that Wu Youxing presented his Treatise on Acute Epidemic Warmth (Wenyi Lun), the first monograph on plagues in China. By disproving the traditional theory that confuses the acute epidemic warmth with the typhoid fever, it elaborates on the pathology and aetiology, the transmission route and the treatment of the acute epidemic warmth, prominently promoting the scientific understanding of the plague and contributing to its prevention and control.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：As the longest-running and most influential Chinese newspaper in the Tianjin area, Ta Kung Pao has played an extremely important role in the transformation of modern Tianjin society. During the outbreak of the 1910-1911 Plague, Ta Kung Pao exerted all its influence as an important media, updating the outbreak in time, publishing measures of prevention and control of the plague, popularizing and educating the health knowledge, and promoting the establishment of a modern epidemic prevention system and the spread of public health awareness in the Tianjin area.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：The modernized death registration in Shanghai International Settlement officially started from 1870. By analysing the quality of the death records of the population, foreign residents have better quality of records than local Chinese people do, though the latter’s records are still available for analysis. Among all death records from 1874 to 1940, the proportion of death by infectious disease among foreign residents averaged 31.43%, which was approximately the same as the condition in the Jiangnan Area during the Republic of China era. The proportion of the Chinese was lower than that of the foreign residents, which is related to the omission of statistics. Though the death rates had large fluctuation around the average line in the long run, the Chinese had larger fluctuation than the foreign residents, particularly during the periods of wars. This indicates that social upheavals had a much smaller impact on foreign residents than on the Chinese people.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：We can understand a people best through their poetry, and the Chinese, who have written poetry since the beginning of time, have always regarded poetry as the finest flower of their culture. All Chinese poetry is song, to be sung in a high-pitched voice in all ages. We cannot imitate those voices, for our language consists of interminable long words without the pitch and vibrancy of the Chinese monosyllables, but at least we can know what they thought and how they dreamed through the long nights of their long wars. Chinese poets have made language finer than the softest silk. They have deliberately cultivated their sensibilities until the sound of a petal falling may be louder than the crash of kingdoms. Though Chinese people has suffered much from war, poverty and the endless cycle of life and death, their poetry is mournful but not distressing, joyous but not indecent, with the virtue of moderation. Chinese poetry for all its quietness is the sign of their spiritual strength. Translation would fail to convey the sensuous quality and the compelling force of the Chinese characters, the color of a Chinese page, and something else, but what remains is the spirit of Chinese poetry. Through the bridge of translation, we shall share the same sorrows, griefs, hopes and joys. The western readers who are constantly changing, at the mercy of every influx of scientific ideas, may do well to ponder sometimes the poetry of these people who are as unchanging as the stars.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：Taking Lu Xun’s work as its starting point, this essay examines translation as a methodology for negotiating not between different languages or dialects but rather between different voices. To the extent that some fiction attempts to manifest the voices of socially marginalized figures, this translational approach offers a way of examining the possibilities and limits of this sort of negotiation. By extension, a similar translational framework way can also be used to understand the attempts by critics to assess fiction’s own attempts to render these marginalized voices.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：The theory of Sankejiuzhi (Three Categories and Nine Points) is He Xiu’s systematic illustration of the previous Gongyang Study in a specific era. The theory of Tongsantong (Connecting Three Traditions) represents a shift of demonstration from Dong Zhongshu’s institutional rotation to institutional sustainability in the context of the political stability of the Han monarchy. The theory of Zhangsanshi (Three Eras) discards the commemoration of the Juluan society (the society of chaos) in Spring and Autumn Annals, foreseeing society’s future evolution from chaos to peace. From the perspective of development, the theory of Yineiwai (Differentiating the Inside from the Outside) notes that, if differentiating Yi and Xia with the criterion of their degrees of civilization, the Yi-Xia differentiation will inevitably disappear and a unified peaceful era of prosperity will be inevitably realized.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：Moral emotionalism based on the concept of "Empathy" is in the ascendant nowadays. There are still a few problems, however, if only taking "Empathy" as the adhesive to explain the origin, characteristics and functions of morality. When we change our perspective of thinking, we might be inspired by looking back at the theory of "Ceyin zhixin" (The mind of compassion) in Chinese classical philosophy. Liang Qichao inherits the rational elements of "Ceyin zhixin" from his predecessors, and at the same time, embodies the selectivity and discrimination that a thinker should have. On the one hand, he tried to discuss about the objective attribute of moral norms by distinguishing the applicable fields of "Ceyin zhixin" ; on the other hand, he took "Ceyin zhixin" as the driving force to explain the development mechanism of moral behaviors, and tried to overcome the theoretical defects of Western normative ethics (deontology and utilitarianism). What is very prescient is that through Liang Qichao’s refinement, "Ceyin zhixin" is ultimately connected with the cutting-edge achievements in cognitive science and neuroscience.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：As a country established on the basis of agriculture industry since ancient times, China has created brilliant achievements in this industry. Since modern times, however, China’s agriculture has gradually lagged behind Western countries. Under the grave impact in the late Qing Dynasty, China’s agriculture was faced with the task of rejuvenation, and it was of great importance to learn and make use of advanced agricultural knowledge, technology, and management experience of Western countries. In this context, international agricultural conferences related to the Qing government provided a learning and communication platform for the revitalization of China’s agriculture industry. Despite the fact that the Qing government lacked enthusiasm in the process of learning and communication, it still made necessary adjustments to China’s agricultural policies and agricultural management methods at the time to meet the requirements of international conferences. Based on these international conferences, the early contact between China’s agriculture and the world has contributed to China’s agricultural modernization.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：The numbers of original posts and reposts have significantly different impact on product attention and product attitude, observed from the microblogs by enterprise self-owned media and third party media. Reposts have notably greater impact on product attention and product attitude than original posts, indicating the importance of reposting behavior. Hypothesis testing is performed by collecting microblog data and all hypotheses are supported, which is instructive for enterprise microblog marketing practice.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：Female borrowers have become an active group in China’s P2P online lending market. Taking real transaction data of PPDai.com as a research sample and making use of the Probit model, this study conducts an empirical analysis of the gender differences of borrowers in the P2P online lending market, exploring the positive role that female borrowers play in the market. The research results show that female borrowers have a lower default risk and a higher success rate in borrowing; "poor" (low credit) male borrowers have a lower success rate of borrowing and are driven out of the online loan market. Furthermore, after distinguishing the credit rating and the number of certifications, the positive effect of female borrowers is only significant in high-credit borrowing groups, and the gender difference is not significant in different certification number groups. The above conclusion is still valid after the robustness test, indicating that as the proportion of female borrowers increases in the online lending market, the market default risk will be significantly reduced. The participation of female borrowers has a positive effect on curbing default behavior in the online lending market.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 -
- 摘要：From the perspective of modernity, the interaction between individuals in cyberspace is in effect the communication between one’s "self-awareness" and the other. The online social behavior of individuals with their "main account" and "alternate account" is an extended reflection of their self-presentation in real life. Both on the "main account" and "alternate account", the user’s self-presentation relates to the self behind the screen. Despite the obvious distinction and differentiation between the using of the "main account" and "alternate account", there are nevertheless inseparable crossover and overlap. The combined use of the two accounts meet the user’s need for self-presentation. The switching, alternating, overlapping, and complementary use of the "main account" and "alternate account" demonstrates a more authentic and complete self image.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：One of the key points of promoting the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity is to promote the participation of social security in rural social governance. This is conducive to coping with the current governance dilemma faced by rural society in China, improving the effect of rural social governance, helping to achieve the goal of rural revitalization, and realizing the healthy and sustainable development of rural society. With the establishment and gradual improvement of social security system in China's rural areas, rural social security has changed from actively exploring embedded development to participating in social governance. Rural social security relies on social security resources such as social assistance, social insurance and social welfare. With the help of the government, village cadres, grass-roots handling service personnel, villagers and social organizations, and through the establishment of the concept of participating in governance, the clarity of the goal of participating in governance, the rationalization of the relationship of participating in governance, as well as the standardization of the process of participating in governance, under the policy support of constantly perfecting the rural social security system, the coordinated governance of the rural society should be achieved.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：There are huge differences in social resources and cultural concepts between urban and rural areas under the urban-rural dual structure. It is a "social fact" that rural education plays a marginal role in the process of urbanization both in terms of the distribution of educational resources and of the equality in educational opportunities. Based on this fact, this research attempts to trace the current operating trajectory of rural education, presenting the responses of different agents to the path selection of "De-ruralization" in rural education, and revealing the deep social structure issues underlying the "De-ruralization" operation of rural education in the process of urbanization.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：During the Beiyang Government era, the University Senate system, as a guarantee of the Professor Management system of the Republican period, has undergone three evolutions in educational legislation. In 1912, the promulgation of "University Order" marked the legislative establishment of the university Senate system, and the Senate became the highest authority of the university. In 1917, with the promulgation of "Amendment of University Order", the Professorship was abolished, and part of the power of the former Professorship was transferred to the Senate, thus the power of the Senate further expanded. In 1924, with the promulgation of "National University Regulations", the Professorship was restored and a new Board of Directors was added, and the status of the Senate as the highest authority was challenged by the Board. Behind the three legislative evolutions of the University Senate, however, lies the ultimate pursuit of the Professor Management system, and the dilemma of its realization under the constraints of the government’s educational legislation system.
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发布时间：2021-12-22 - 摘要：In China’s modern apprenticeship pilot system, the enthusiasm of enterprises, which are one of the school-enterprise "dual-subject" educators, directly affects and restricts the effectiveness and continuity of the pilots. Many enterprises today, however, lacks the enthusiasm for participation. The main reason lies in a series of constraints, including the lack of corporate voice, the difficulty in implementing some incentive policies, the lack of institutionalized win-win mechanism in school-enterprise cooperation, and the imbalance between enterprise investment and returns. The following strategies are advised to be adopted to eliminate these constraints: rebalancing the power of discourse between schools and enterprises by building a power channelling mechanism; strengthening the government’s top-level design and improving the apprentice training mechanism; enhancing the school-enterprise cooperation and establishing a win-win mechanism for mutual benefit; establishing a diversified financing mechanism to meet the interests demand of enterprises; introducing more preferential policies where appropriate to reduce the loss rate of apprentices.
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发布时间：2021-12-22
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