上海大学 社会学院,上海 200444
张英英,上海大学社会学院博士研究生、中国计量大学标准化学院讲师;
张海东,上海大学社会学院教授、博士生导师。
纸质出版日期:2018-01-15,
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张英英, 张海东. 论个案研究的代表性问题[J]. 济南大学学报(社会科学版), 2018,28(1):129-139.
ZHANG Yingying, ZHANG Haidong. The Representative of Case Study[J]. JOURNAL OF UNIVERSITY OF JINAN (Social Science Edition), 2018,28(1):129-139.
通过对“个案研究”与“代表性”概念的梳理、界定与分类分析,本文认为并非所有类别的个案研究的代表性问题都是“虚假问题”。从个案研究样本与定量研究样本抽样逻辑、外推逻辑的溯源分析,以及从质性研究与定量研究、实证研究并无绝对对立的分析,认为个案研究也存在代表性问题,也需要考虑代表性问题。个案研究的典型性无法取代其代表性。无论是从逻辑基础、社会实践需要,还是从社会学学科意义与价值出发,个案研究都需要考虑和重视其代表性问题。同时,从逻辑基础审视和实践中抽样技巧方面,分析得出个案研究代表性的实现具有可行性。对代表性的注意和追求不仅不会损害个案研究的质量,反而有利于个案研究在深入详细的同时,获得更广泛的认同和推广。
By sorting out
defining and classifying the concept of "case study" and "representativeness"
this paper holds that the representative problems of all kinds of case studies are not all always "false questions". From the case study sample and the quantitative research sample sampling logic
the traceability analysis of the extrapolated logic
and the absolute opposite analysis between qualitative research and quantitative research and empirical research
it is considered that there are representative problems in the case study
and the representative problems should also be considered. The typicality of case study cannot replace its representativeness. Whether from logical basis
social practice needs or from the meaning and value of sociology
case studies need to consider and attach importance to their representative problems. At the same time
from the logical basis of examination
and in the practice of sampling techniques
the analysis of the representative of the case study is feasible. The representative attention and pursuit not only will not damage the quality of case study
but also help case study get more extensive recognition and promotion at the same time.
个案研究代表性外推抽样连续统
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