In the documents of Pre-Qin Period

"Da" was pronounced as "lin" when having the meaning of "ji" (which means "and")

and then was pronounced as "lian". After the Qin and Han Dynasties

it was substituted by "ji" (with the second tone)

"ji" (with the fourth tone)

"li" or "lian". When having the meaning of "being miserable"

the phonetic loan character of "Da" is "guan". In the documents after the Qin and Han Dynasties

"Da" is substituted by the phonetic loan characters: "guan" and "lian". Some of the phonetic loan characters of "guan" are pronounced differently for various reasons.