In July 1949

just before the founding of the People’s Republic of China

the First Congress of Chinese Writers and Artists was held in Peiping. At the congress

Mao Dun published the report entitled "The Struggling Developing Revolutionary Art and Literature under the Oppression of the Reactionaries" . Although the report is based on many discussions led by the Communist Party of China

the four periods of the artistic and literary activities defined by the report in the Kuomintang ruling area almost coincide with Mao Dun's own experience. During the eight years’ War of Resistance against Japan

Mao Dun explored the path of artistic and literary ideology

and found his experience of setting the direction of the Communist Party of China as the goal to be the destination of the development of self-consciousness. His ideology thus was considered by the Communist Party of China as a paradigm of the literary and artistic activities in the Kuomintang ruling area. In other words

the transition of Mao Dun’s literary and artistic ideas based on his own experience is consistent with the "self-remoulding" advocated by the Communist Party of China. Hence the transitioning process of Mao Dun’s artistic and literary thoughts from the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War to the founding of People's Republic of China is the combat between reform and persistence.