Loyalty and filial piety were the core spirits in traditional China. Filial piety was basically family ethic. It was changed to be loyalty between emperor and minister after Qin-Han dynasties. On one hand

loyalty and filial piety existed as the national ideology of Han dynasty. They were promoted in the whole society by the means of politics

law and education to be the inner support of intergradations of family and nation. On the other hand

loyalty and filial piety had a much larger development space which was folk Taoism. In the system of folk Taoism

they were the important standards of moral assessment and necessary conditions to become immortals after death. With the influence of above-mentioned national ideology and folk belief

the loyalty-and-filial-piety pictorial carved stones of Han embodied both national education and immortal belief.